休谟对皮浪主义的回应

Hume's Response to Pyrrhonism

休谟的"人性科学"具有与皮浪主义相同的倾向。休谟认为,人的理性是有限度的,独断论是应该被拒斥的。休谟的"人性科学"也反对皮浪主义。休谟认为,理性虽然有缺陷,但我们并不能拒斥理性,演绎推理不容置疑,概然推理也有价值;休谟的温和怀疑论是有限制的,他肯定经验主义的原则,肯定自我的人格同一性,肯定上帝和外在世界的存在,认为道德评价、审美趣味都有其标准;皮浪主义无法战胜"自然",悬搁我们的判断,不但不能获得心灵的安宁,反而会成为疯子。休谟对皮浪主义的拒斥,其理由主要是来自心理的必然性,来自进行实践的必然性。

Hume’s"science of human nature"had the same tendency as Pyrrhonism,as he claimed that human reason has limits and dogmatism should be rejected. However,Hume also opposed Pyrrhonism. According to Hume,although reason has defects,we can not reject reason,and the values of deductive reasoning and probable reasoning should be affirmed. Hume’s mild skepticism was bounded as well. He held the principle of empiricism,the personal identity of self,the existence of god and the external world,and thought that moral evaluation and aesthetic taste have their standards. And he maintained that Pyrrhonism cannot defeat"nature",and our judgment’s suspending,far from securing peace of mind,can makes us mad. Hume’s rejection of Pyrrhonism was mainly due to the inevitability of psychology and the necessity of our living.