某复杂多金属铅锌铁矿石工艺矿物学研究

Study on Process Mineralogy of a Complex Polymetallic Pb-Zn-Fe Ore

为更好地开展矿石的选矿工艺研究,对某复杂多金属磁铁矿石进行了工艺矿物学研究。结果表明:矿石铁、锌品位分别为59.94%和2.93%。矿石中的主要矿物为磁铁矿,少量其他铁矿物赤铁矿、褐铁矿(包括针铁矿)为成矿后期的次生氧化物;金属硫化物主要有闪锌矿、黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿,黄铜矿、方铅矿较少;脉石矿物主要为普通角闪石,透闪石少量,此外还有少量绿帘石、绿泥石、云母类矿物等。矿石中的铁主要以磁铁矿的形式存在,占总铁的87.82%,锌、铅氧化程度均较高,硫化锌、氧化锌分别占总锌的55.29%和42.32%,硫化铅、氧化铅分别占总铅的39.39%和43.94%。矿石构造为黑色致密块状构造,多呈自形—半自形粒状连晶结构,各种矿物间形成交代结构、交代残余结构等。矿石中的有用矿物磁铁矿、闪锌矿的嵌布粒度与闪石类矿物相差不大,磁铁矿、闪锌矿及其与其他矿物间的嵌布关系较复杂,单体解离较困难。为了确保铁精矿含硫不超标,在弱磁选回收磁铁矿前需采用浮选工艺尽可能脱除硫化矿物。

The process mineralogy of a complex polymetallic lead-zinc-iron ore was studied to obtain a better beneficiation index. The results indicated that the iron and zinc grade is 59.94% and 2.93% respectively. The main mineral in the ore is magnetite,and a small amount of other iron minerals hematite and lignite(including goethite) are secondary oxides in the later stage of mineralization. Main metallic sulfide is sphalerite,pyrite,pyrrhotite,low amount of chalcopyrite and galena;Gangue minerals are mainly common amphibole,a small amount of diorite,in addition,a small amount of epidotite,chlorite,mica minerals and so on. The iron in the ore mainly exists in the form of magnetite,accounting for 87.82% of the total iron. The oxidation degree of zinc and lead is relatively high,zinc sulfide and zinc oxide account for 55.29% and 42.32% of the total zinc,lead sulfide and lead oxide account for 39.39% and 43.94% of the total lead,respectively. The ore structure is black dense block structure,and the ore is mostly autologous and semi-autologous granular intergranular crystal structure.Various minerals form metasomatic structure,metasomatic residual structure and so on. The dissemination particle sizes of the useful minerals magnetite and sphalerite are similar to the main gangue minerals amphibole. The dissemination relationship among magnetite,sphalerite and their minerals is complex and the minerals are difficult to be liberated. In order to ensure the sulfur content of iron concentrate does not exceed the standard,flotation should be used to remove sulfide minerals as much as possible before recovery magnetite by low intensity magnetic separation.