地黄种质创新与品种选育研究进展

Progress on germplasm enhancement and breeding of Rehmannia glutinosa

地黄具有丰富的栽培品种和野生资源,育种历史超过100年。然而,地黄现有品种谱系不清,遗传基础狭窄,种质创新和育种手段落后,品种的选育已无法满足地黄生产的需求。该文综述了地黄物种及其分布、地黄植株形态多样性和种质资源的品质概况以及100年来地黄育种的方法的进步。作者指出应加强对现有品种的系统评价和整理,建立地黄野生资源保护区和种质资源圃,深入研究地黄品质形成的遗传基础研究,加强地黄诱变育种、单倍体育种和基因编辑育种等新技术的应用研究等,为实现中药材有序、有效和安全生产提供保障。

The history of Rehmannia glutinosa breeding has already beyond 100 years. There are rich cultivated varieties and wild germplasm resources in R. glutinosa. However, there also exist a lot of problems, such as, the pedigree of the existing varieties is not clear, the genetic basis is narrow, backward method of germplasm enhancement and breeding. Breeding of new varieties has been unable to meet the demand of R. glutinosa production in the new era. This paper summarizes the species of Rehmannia and their distribution, the diversity of plant morphology and the quality of R. glutinosa germplasm resources, as well as the progress of R. glutinosa breeding in recent 100 years. For ensuring the orderly, effective and safe production of R. glutinosa, the authors suggest to establish the wild resources protection area and germplasm resources garden, deeply study the genetic base of quality, strengthen application of new breeding method such as mutation breeding, haploid breeding and gene editing.