自然流产经历对再次妊娠妇女心理状况的影响

Effects of spontaneous abortion on psychological status of re-pregnant women

目的调查有自然流产经历的再次妊娠妇女妊娠早期的焦虑、抑郁情况,探讨其相关影响因素,为临床开展心理干预治疗提供依据。方法采取便利抽样法,于2015年8月-2016年2月选取北京市某三级甲等医院产科门诊就诊的有自然流产经历的70名孕妇和同期就诊的初次妊娠妇女70名为研究对象,采用一般情况调查表、SAS、流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)对其进行问卷调查。结果自然流产经历组70名孕妇中有8名发生焦虑,占11.43%,15名发生抑郁,占21.43%;自然流产经历组SAS、CES-D评分均高于初次妊娠组孕妇,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为2.95、2.51;P<0.05);孕妇年龄、文化程度与SAS得分呈正相关(P<0.05),孕妇年龄、自然流产次数与CES-D评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论有自然流产经历再次妊娠的妇女在妊娠早期存在明显的焦虑、抑郁情绪,与孕妇的年龄、文化程度、自然流产经历次数相关。应对有自然流产经历的孕妇的心理状况进行早期筛查,必要时给予适当的心理干预。

Objective To investigate the anxiety and depression of pregnant women with spontaneous abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy, and to explore the related influencing factors, so as to provide basis for clinical psychological intervention and treatment. Methods During August 2015 to February 2016, a total of 70 pregnant women with spontaneous abortions experience and 70 primigravid women at the outpatient department of a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Beijing were selected by convenience sampling method. A general questionnaire, Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) were applied in the investigation. Results There were 8 anxiety cases (11.43%) and 15 depression cases (21.43%) among the 70 pregnant women with spontaneous abortions experience. The scores of SAS and CES-D of the spontaneous abortions group were higher than those of the primigravid group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=2.95, 2.51;P<0.05) . The age and education level of the pregnant women were positively correlated with scores SAS (P<0.05) . The age, times of spontaneous abortion were positively correlated with scores of CES-D (P<0.05) . Conclusions There is prominent anxiety and depression in the first trimester of re-pregnancy women with spontaneous abortion experience, which may be related to the age, education level and the times of spontaneous abortions. The psychological status of pregnant women with spontaneous abortion should be assessed early and appropriate psychological intervention should be given when necessary.