青海盐湖锂资源开发现状及对提锂产业发展建议

The Current Situation of Qinghai Salt Lake Lithium Resources Development and the Suggestions for Lithium Industry

中国正处在环境污染治理和产业结构调整的关键时期,发展新能源产业是应对能源和环境危机的必然选择;同时,锂资源储备和提锂技术直接影响到国家能源战略安全。中国科学院青海盐湖所经过二十年开发,目前已形成一套成熟的选择性离子迁移分离提锂技术,并经过了产业化和工业应用验证,核心技术达到国际领先水平。该产业化具有绿色、高效、低能耗、低物耗、低产品成本、高纯度等特点,技术通用性好,可推广应用到青海、西藏高海拔生态脆弱地区以及南美玻利维亚、阿根廷、智利等高镁锂比盐湖中锂的分离提取,在高钙镁地热水、油(气)田水提锂方面也有一定的应用潜力。

Currently,China is in a critical period of environmental pollution control and industrial restructuring.The development of new energy industry is an inevitable choice for dealing with energy and environmental crises.At the same time,lithium resource reserves and lithium extraction technology directly affect the national energy strategy security.After 20 years of development,Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences has formed a mature lithium extraction technology through selective ion migration separation.And after industrialization and industrial application verification,the core technology has reached the international leading level.The industrialization has the characteristics of green,high efficiency,low energy consumption,low material consumption,low product cost and high purity.The technology has good versatility and can be applied to Qinghai,Tibet high-altitude ecologically fragile areas,and brines with high magnesium lithium ratio in South America such as Bolivia,Argentina,Chile,etc.Separation and extraction of lithium in salt lakes also has certain potential application in the extraction of lithium from high calcium and magnesium geothermal water and oil(gas) fields.