某型直升机中减速器飞溅润滑流场特性分析

Analysis of flow field characteristics of medium reducer with splash lubrication in a certain helicopter

为了分析某型直升机中减速器飞溅润滑内部流场特性,基于计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,运用流体体积(VOF)多相流模型和湍流模型,建立了包含齿轮箱体、螺旋锥齿轮和导油器等部件的中减速器飞溅润滑数值仿真模型,得到了中减速器飞溅润滑过程中的流场特性,实现了中减速器内部瞬态流场的可视化,分析了齿轮转速、浸油深度对关键位置润滑油流量的影响。结果表明:齿轮啮合处润滑油流量与齿轮转速、浸油深度成正相关;导油管内润滑油流量与导油器油量饱和值有关,当油量大于该值时,导油管内润滑油流量随着齿轮转速的增大而增大,随着齿轮浸油深度的增大而不变。搭建了螺旋锥齿轮箱飞溅润滑试验系统,将飞溅润滑过程中圆孔润滑油流量试验结果与相应的仿真结果进行对比,最大误差为9.5%,验证了仿真方法的正确性。

For the purpose of analyzing the characteristics of the internal flow field of middle reducer with splash lubrication in a certain helicopter,based on the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method,a numerical simulation model for the splash lubrication of middle reducer,including gear box housing,spiral bevel gear and oil guide device,was established by using the volume of fluid(VOF)multi-phase flow model and the turbulence model.With these models,the flow field characteristics of splash lubrication were obtained,and the transient flow field of lubricating oil in reducer was visualized;the influence of gear speed and oil immersion depth on the flow of lubricating oil in key positions was analyzed.Results showed that the oil flow in gear meshing zone was positively correlated with the gear speed and the depth of oil immersion.The oil flow in the oil guide pipe was related to the oilsaturation value of the oil guide device.When the oil quantity was greater than this value,the oil flow in the oil guide pipe increased with the increase of the gear speed,and remained constant with the increase of the oil immersion depth.A splash lubrication test system of spiral bevel gearbox was set up,and results of oil flow tests of round hole in the process of splash lubrication were compared with the corresponding simulation results,the maximum error of simulation results relative to experiment was 9.5%,verifying the correctness of the simulation method.