百日咳924例患者发病特征分析

Analysis on incidence characteristics of 924 patients with pertussis

目的近年来百日咳发病率呈逐年上升趋势,部分地区出现百日咳再现。本研究通过分析百日咳患者的发病特征,为百日咳防治提供依据。方法选取2017-01-01-2017-12-31泰安市妇幼保健院收治的924例百日咳聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)阳性患者为研究对象。采用χ2检验分析比较患者就诊时间、性别及年龄分布特征。结果 2017年共检测出924例百日咳杆菌PCR阳性患者,男510例,女414例,性别间阳性构成比差异无统计学意义,χ2=1.124,P=0.298。百日咳全年均有发病,发病集中在6～10月,春季146例,阳性构成比15.8%;夏季440例,阳性构成比47.61%;秋季246例,阳性构成比26.62%;冬季92例,阳性构成比9.96%;夏季百日咳患者明显高于其他季节,χ2=406.649,P<0.001。<3个月龄患者109例;3～6个月龄229例;6个月龄～3岁428例;3～5岁99例;6～17岁41例;18岁18例。结论全年均有百日咳发病患者,夏季百日咳患者最多。年龄分布以3岁婴幼儿居多。

OBJECTIVE There is an upward trend in incidence of pertussis in recent years,and pertussis outbreak occurs in some areas.This study is to further improve the understanding of pertussis and provide basis for the diagnosis and treatment of pertussis by analyzing the incidence characteristics of pertussis patients.METHODS A total of 924 patients positive in PCR detection of pertussis were retrospectively collected(including outpatient and inpatient)as the research object in our hospital from January 1to December 31 in 2017.Furthermore,the epidemiological characteristics including the time,gender and age distribution of pertussis patients were analyzed.Counting data calculation composition ratio(%),and the comparison between groups was performed by chi-squaretest test.RESULTS There were 924 cases positive in pertussis PCR detection in 2017,including 510 males and 414 females.And there was no significant difference between the gender,χ^2=1.124,P=0.298.Pertussis occurred throughout the year,mainly from June to October.Among924 cases,there were 146 cases in spring,440 cases in summer,246 cases in autumn and 92 cases in winter,accounted for15.8%,47.61%,26.62% and 9.96%,respectively.Patients with pertussis in summer were significantly more than those in other seasons,χ2=406.649,P<0.001.109 patients were less than 3months old.229 cases were greater than and equal to three months to six months old.428 cases were aged greater than and equal to 6months to 3years.99 cases were greater than and equal to 3to 5years old.41 cases were greater than and equal to 6to 17 years old.18 cases were adults.CONCLUSIONS Pertussis occurs in children throughout the year.The largest number of patients with pertussis are in summer.The majority are under 3years old.