社区药学服务对糖尿病患者认知行为影响调查分析

Investigation and analysis of influence of community pharmaceutical care on cognitive behavior of diabetic patients

目的糖尿病是一种常见的慢性内分泌代谢障碍性疾病,严重危害人们健康。社区糖尿病患者往往对疾病及药品缺乏必要的专业知识。本研究通过对糖尿病患者开展社区药学服务的实践经验,评估社区药学服务对糖尿病患者认知行为的影响,为更好地控制血糖提供参考。方法从天津市滨海新区汉沽街社区卫生服务中心2014-06-01-2015-05-31社区卫生管理系统中,抽取212例糖尿病患者开展社区药学服务。分别于开展社区药学服务前后进行问卷调查,比较开展社区药学服务前后受访者糖尿病相关知识、行为方式和血糖控制情况。结果开展社区药学服务后,受访者对糖尿病防治知识的正确认知率由65.39%上升至80.39%,χ2=11.47,P<0.01;对"出现心慌饥饿等症状时可能发生低血糖、要控制高血压和高血脂、应随身携带食品可预防低血糖"的回答正确率均>94.50%。开展社区药学服务后,行为方式正确率由52.75%上升至78.38%,χ2=31.70,P<0.01;空腹血糖值≤7.0mmol/L者,血糖控制率为78.77%,高于开展社区药学服务前的41.51%,χ2=61.40,P<0.01。结论开展社区药学服务有助于提高糖尿病患者相关知识的认知率,改善其行为方式,是控制血糖的有效途径之一。

OBJECTIVE Diabetes is a common chronic endocrine and metabolic disorder,which seriously endangers public health.Community patients with diabetes often lack the necessary expertise in disease and medicine.This study assessed the influence of community pharmaceutical care on cognitive behavior of diabetic patients through the practical experience of community pharmaceutical care provided by Hangu Street Health Service Center of Tianjin Binhai New Area,in order to provide reference for better control of blood sugar.METHODS A total of 212 diabetes patients were selected from the community health management system of Hangu Street Health Service Center in Tianjin Binhai New Area to receive community pharmacy services.Questionnaires were conducted before and after community pharmacy services from June 1,2014 to May 31,2015.The diabetes related knowledge,behaviors and glycemic control of the respondents were compared before and after the community pharmacy service.RESULTS After the implementation of community pharmacy services,the correct recognition rate of respondents’ knowledge of diabetes prevention and treatment increased from65.39%to 80.39%,χ^2=11.47,P<0.01.After the implementation of community pharmacy services,the correct rate of answers is>95%such as"there may be hypoglycemia when the symptoms of hunger and hunger occur,control of high blood pressure and high blood fat,and foods that can be taken with you to prevent hypoglycemia".The correct rate of behavior increased from 52.75% to 78.38%,χ^2=31.70,P<0.01.The glycemic control rate of fasting blood glucose≤7.0mmol/L was 78.77%,which was higher than 41.51% before the community pharmacy service,χ^2=61.40,P<0.01.CONCLUSIONS Conducting community pharmacy services can help patients improve the cognitive rate of diabetes and improve their behavior.It is one of the effective ways to control blood sugar.