上海某社区0～24月龄婴幼儿营养不良现况分析

Prevalence of malnutrition among infants aged 0-24 months in a community of Shanghai

目的儿童营养不良是儿童保健门诊常见病,2011年全球范围内有690万<5岁儿童死亡,其中1/3与营养不良有关。基于此背景,本研究通过对上海市浦东新区南码头社区上海户籍儿童蛋白质热能营养不良情况进行分析,与其他地区儿童营养不良研究状况进行对比,总结上海户籍儿童蛋白质热能营养不良情况的现状,以完善今后儿童保健工作。方法将2016-01-01-2017-12-31参加本社区规范化体检的489名上海户籍0～24月龄婴幼儿的实际体格检查结果与《上海市儿童系统健康检查工作规范》中的诊断要求对比,分析得出本社区内0～24月龄婴幼儿蛋白质热能营养不良患病情况和特点。结果 2016-01-01-2017-12-31在上海市浦东新区南码头社区卫生服务中心门诊进行规范化体检的489名0～24月龄婴幼儿中,营养不良婴幼儿总数63例,营养不良检出率为12.88%,男婴和女婴营养不良分别为42.86%和57.14%;而≤6月龄的营养不良患儿为87.30%;同时伴有其他营养性疾病的婴幼儿为22.22%;经3次规范化随访后,营养不良患儿的转归情况为38.10%好转,23.81%治愈,干预有效率为61.9%。结论上海户籍0～24月龄婴幼儿营养不良的检出率较高,且主要发生在≤6个月,规范化随访对婴幼儿营养不良有较好的干预作用。

OBJECTIVE Child malnutrition is a common disease in child health care service.There were 6,900,000 children under 5years of age died in 2011 all over the world,1/3of which was associated with malnutrition.Based on this background,this article wants to analyze the nutritional status of children’s protein-energy malnutrition in Shanghai household registration in this community,compare with those in other areas,and summarize the present situation and possible causes of protein-energy malnutrition in Shanghai household registration children,so as to propose the effective improvement measure for the future child health care service work.METHODS The results of the actual physical examination of489 Shanghai registered infants who participated in the standardized physical examination of the community from January1,2016 to December 31,2017 were compared with the diagnostic requirements in the"Shanghai Children’s System Health Inspection Code".The prevalence and characteristics of thermal protein malnutrition in infants aged 0-24 months in this community were analyzed.RESULTS There were 63 malnourished children among 489 ones with a standardized medical examination in our community outpatient clinics during the period.The rate of malnutrition detection was 12.88%,malnutrition among boys and girls accounted for 42.86% and 57.14%,respectively.The children with malnutrition within 6months of age accounted for 92.06%,while those with other nutritional diseases accounted for 22.22%.After standardized follow-up for 3times,38.10%of infants with malnutrition were better,23.81%of them were cured and the effective rate of intervention was 61.9%.CONCLUSIONS The detection rate of malnutrition in the 0-24month-old infants in our community is higher,and it mainly occurs within 6months,and the standardized follow-up has a better intervention effect on infant malnutrition.