2017年贵州省市县两级疾控机构卫生应急能力现况分析

Health Emergency Response Capacities of Municipal and County-Level CDCs in Guizhou Province in 2017

目的掌握贵州省市、县两级疾控机构应急能力发展现况,对应急体系建设发展中存在的问题提出针对性的建议。方法 2017年采用问卷调查与现场访谈相结合的方式进行现况调查,并进行描述性分析。结果2017年贵州省市、县两级疾控机构中设置有独立应急办公室的分别有6家(66. 7%)和21家(22. 8%),已编制有本单位突发公共卫生事件应急预案的分别为9家(100. 0%)和84家(91. 3%);分别组建有应急队伍9支(100. 0%)和86支(93. 5%),卫生应急相关培训和演练平均每年开展1次;储备率能达到100. 0%的应急物资装备市县两级分别只有5种和2种,其中后勤保障装备、疫苗和药品储备明显不足;有卫生应急专项经费保障的分别有9家(100. 0%)和70家(76. 1%),经费来源主要为本级卫生行政部门划拨,尚不能完全满足保障需求;预警信息及时响应率分别为97. 8%和98. 9%,规范处置评估量表平均评分分别为92分(范围85～99分)和94. 5分(范围50～100分)。结论贵州省卫生应急体系正在逐步完善健全,市、县两级疾控机构间整体发展不够均衡,部分县区级疾控机构间应急能力差距较大,在队伍建设、物资经费保障、应急处置能力等方面亟待进一步完善提高。

Objective To grasp the current situation of emergency response capacity development of municipal and county -level CDCs in Guizhou province,and to put forward some suggestions on the problems existing in the development of the emergency response system.Methods An investigation combining questionnaire surveys and field interviews was carried out,and the results were descriptively analyzed.Results Six (66.7%)municipal CDCs and 21 county-level CDCs (22.8%) have independent emergency response offices.Nine (100.0%)municipal and 84 county-level (91.3%)have made plans for public health emergency response.A total of 9 municipal emergency teams (100.0%)and 86 county -level emergency teams (93.5%)have been established.The training and drills related to health emergency were carried out once a year on average.There are only five and two kinds of emergency materials and equipment with reserve rate reaching 100%in CDCs at the two levels,and logistics support equipment,vaccine and drug reserves were obviously insufficient.Special funds for health emergency were guaranteed in nine (100.0%)municipal CDCs and 70 county-level CDCs (76.1%).The funds were allocated mainly by the local health administration departments.The timely response rate to early warning information of the CDCs at the two level was 97.8% and 98.9%,respectively.The average score of the standardized disposal assessment scale was 92 (range :85 - 99)and 94.5 (range:50-100)respectively.Conclusion The health emergency system in Guizhou is gradually improving.The overall development of disease control institutions at municipal and county levels is unbalanced.Great gaps still exist in emergency response capacities of county -level CDCs.Further improvements are needed in construction of teams,guarantee of materials and funds and emergency handling abilities.