2006-2017年拉萨市麻疹流行病学特征分析

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles in Lhasa From 2006 to 2017

目的分析2006-2017年麻疹流行病学特征,为制定麻疹防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对拉萨市麻疹发病情况进行统计分析。结果拉萨市2006-2017年共报告718例麻疹病例,发病率是0. 5/10万(2013年)～39. 33/10万(2011年)。年均发病率为10. 56/10万,3-6月是发病高峰,发病主要集中在流动人口较集中的城区及周边县(区),发病高危人群主要为5岁以下儿童(54. 32%),其中8月龄以下婴儿占13. 51%,15岁及以上人群占19. 35%。累计病例中男性401例(55. 85%),女性317例(44. 15%),男女性别比是1∶0. 79。发病职业主要分布在散居儿童(53. 76%)。结论 2006-2017年拉萨市麻疹发病率总体呈下降趋势,应继续加强常规免疫,有计划地开展补充免疫。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Lhasa city and provide a scientific basis to the prevention and control strategy for measles. Methods The incidence of measles in Lhasa was analyzed with descriptive epidemiology. Results A total of 718 measles cases were reported during 2006-2017 in Lhasa,the measles incidence was 0. 5/105( 2013) to 39. 33/105( 2011). The average annual incidence was 10. 56/105. March to June was the peak period of incidence. The cases were mainly reported in the urban area and surrounding counties( districts),where the floating populations were more concentrated. The children below 5 years old accounted for the largest proportion( 54. 32%),children below 8 month years old accounted for13. 51%,those aged 15 and above accounted for 19. 35%. In the cumulative cases,401 were male and 317 were female,the sex ratio was 1 ∶ 0. 79. The main population of measles was scattered children( 53. 76%).Conclusion The incidence of measles was on the decline generally. Routine vaccination should be promoted and the supplementary immunization activity should also need to be conducted in a planned way.