基于PCR技术的DNA分析测试关键要素

Key Elements of DNA Analysis and Testing Based on PCR Technology

大多数国家对转基因生物研究与产业化日趋积极,把发展生物技术作为支撑发展、引领未来的战略选择,力求抢占新一轮经济和科技革命的先机与制高点。随之而来的是公众对转基因产品安全性的关注。转基因生物成分分析作为安全性评价的重要内容,发挥着举足轻重的作用,而基于PCR技术的转基因产品核酸成分分析是最经典、最广泛使用的方法。虽然此方法已普遍应用,但国内外鲜有较为全面的阐述此类分析测试要素的报道。为此,本综述对国内外相关方法的文献资料进行了梳理、比对和研究,结合已有的分析测试实验室的经验,提出了PCR测试体系的关键要素主要是标准和指南、方法的确认、标准物质及能力验证等四个方面,且在文中简明扼要的论述了各个部分的要点,供转基因核酸成分分析及相关领域工作者参考。

The research and industrialization of genetically modified organism(GMO) had generally gained much attention in most countries. Most countries regarded the development of biotechnology as a strategic choice to support development and led the future, and strived to seize the opportunities and commanding heights of a new round of economic and technological revolution. However, safety issues of GMO attracted the people’s attention.As a main content in safety assessment, composition analysis of GMO was indispensable. The component analysis of nucleic acid in transgenic product based on polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was a principal approach and widely used in this area. Although this method has been widely used, there were few comprehensive reports to explain such analytical testing element at home and abroad. For this purpose, this review has teased, compared and studied the literature of relevant methods at home and abroad. Based on the analysis experience of our lab, we came up with the key elements of the PCR test included standards and guidelines, methods validation, standard material and capacity verification. In addition, the main points of the above four parts were discussed, which could be a reference for GMO analysis and provide reference for workers in related fields.