思维导图在全子宫切除术后预防盆底功能障碍康复指导中的应用

Application of Mind Mapping in the prevention of pelvic floor dysfunction after total hysterectomy

目的探讨思维导图在全子宫切除术后盆底功能障碍(pelvic floor dysfunction,PFD)预防康复指导中的应用效果。方法选取2012年10月至2014年9月于大连市中心医院行全子宫切除术的100例患者为研究对象,按照就诊顺序,分为常规组和导图组各50例。两组均按照妇科良性肿瘤术后护理常规,针对全子宫切除术后PFD并发症的预防进行健康教育。常规组采用口头宣教方式,导图组给予思维导图式教育方式,分别在术前、术后、出院前和出院随访(2年)中进行康复指导。结果导图组术后健康知识掌握情况(98. 0%)和对健康教育方式的满意度(96. 0%)均高于常规组(60. 0%、48. 0%),差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05);术后随访2年观察患者压力性尿失禁、盆腔器官脱垂等PFD并发症发生情况,导图组均低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论思维导图式的健康教育方式优于常规健康教育方式,可提高患者依从性,有效降低全子宫切除术后PFD发生率,利于患者术后康复。

Objective To explore the effect of total hysterectomy on pelvic floor function and rehabilitation training,and the application of Mind Mapping in pelvic floor dysfunction(PFD) prevention and rehabilitation guidance after total hysterectomy.Methods 100 patients who underwent total hysterectomy at Dalian Central Hospital Affliated of Dalian Medical University from October2012 to September 2014 were enrolled.According to the order of treatment,they were divided into the conventional group and the mapping group,50 cases in each group.According to the postoperative nursing routine of gynecological benign tumors,the two groups were educated about the prevention of PFD complications after hysterectomy.The conventional group adopted the oral teaching method,and the mapping group gave the mind-guided education method,and the rehabilitation instruction was performed preoperative and postoperative,before discharge and followed-up 2 years after the hospital discharge.Results The postoperative health knowledge of the mapping group(98.0 %) and the satisfaction with the health education method(96.0 %) were higher than the conventional group(60.0 %,48.0 %),the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the postoperative follow-up of 2 years was used to observe the occurrence of PFD complications such as stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse.The mapping group was lower than the conventional group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The mind-guided health education method is superior to the conventional health education method,which can improve patient compliance,effectively reduce the incidence of PFD after hysterectomy,and facilitate postoperative rehabilitation.