脱脂骨粉接枝AA/AM高吸水性树脂的制备与性能

Preparation and Properties of AA/AM Super Absorbent Resin Grafted with Degreased Bone Powder

以生物质资源脱脂骨粉及聚合单体丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)为原料,采用水溶液接枝共聚法制备高吸水性树脂,并利用正交试验对合成条件进行优化。用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、扫描电镜、电子能谱等对最优条件下合成的产品进行表征分析。结果表明:脱脂骨粉均匀分散于高吸水树脂的高分子骨架上,并接枝共聚成复合的化学结构。最佳合成条件为,脱脂骨粉用量为单体总量的18.7%、单体组成AA:AM=1.5:1,引发剂用量2.0%、交联剂用量0.25%。此条件下合成的树脂吸收纯水、生理盐水的倍率分别为(840±20)g/g、(120±5)g/g,具有良好的吸水保水性能。同时,该树脂含有丰富的磷、钾、钙等营养元素,还具有养分供给功能,尤其作为土壤保水剂在农业、园林领域具有良好的应用前景。

Superabsorbent resin was prepared by graft copolymerization of biomass resource defatted bone powder, acrylic acid(AA) and acrylamide(AM) in aqueous solution. The synthesis conditions were optimized by orthogonal test. The products synthesized under the optimum conditions were characterized and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron spectroscopy. The results show that the defatted bone powder is evenly dispersed on the macromolecule skeleton of superabsorbent resin and grafted to form a composite chemical structure. The optimum synthetic conditions are as follows: the amount of defatted bone powder is 18.7% of the total monomer, the composition of monomer AA:AM=1.5:1, the amount of initiator 2.0%, and the amount of crosslinking agent 0.25%. Under these conditions, the absorptive rate of pure water and normal saline by the resin synthesized is(840±20) g/g and(120±5) g/g, respectively. The resin has good water absorption and water retention properties. At the same time, the resin is rich in phosphorus, potassium, calcium and other nutrients. It also has nutrient supply function, especially as a soil waterretaining agent, it has good application prospects in agriculture and gardens.