旧中有新:马佳·继格的教育主张与实践

New in the Old:Educational Proposition and Practice from Majiajige

马佳·继格隶属满洲正白旗,咸丰二年(1852年)进士,历任翰林院侍讲学士、日讲起居注官、翰林院侍读学士、国子监满祭酒、广州将军等,所任官职多与文化教育相关,其对新旧教育的贡献,在任职广州将军期间尤为显著。继格是被历史淹没的人物,却是少数在洋务运动初期就支持新式教育发展的满族官员。任职期间,继格在广东同文馆建设方面,放宽招生政策,注重学以致用,关注肄业生出路;在科举考试方面,解决广东举人、八旗监生进京应考的路费问题。面对新旧教育格局,他更为关注、解决传统科举考试存在的问题。可见继格此时的教育作为是新式的,但思想更偏向于传统,相对于晚清排斥新式教育的顽固派来说,马佳·继格可谓中国教育近代化的先行者。

Being a successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations from the second year of Emperor Xianfeng reign,MajiaJige, who had contributed much to new and old education, was subordinate to Manchu plain banner, and served as bachelor of hanlin academy, daily talk and living note officer, Manchu jijiu from the imperial college, Guangzhou Jiangjun successively, all of them were related to cultural education. He was one of the first Manchu officials, whose contribution was sink into the swamp in the history. During his tenure, he took in charge of Tongwencollege by broadening enrolling policy, paying attention to undergraduates’ future, and applying the knowledge to all;he also took in charge imperial competitive examinationby solving the travel expense for candidates and imperial college eight-banner students in Guangdong. Facing the old and new education situation, he paid more attention to solving problems in imperial competitive examination. Being a forerunner in higher education in china in modern times,MajiaJige’seducation action is open, whereas his thoughts are traditional ones who were against new way of education.