终端区受扰通行能力优化的动态网络流模型

Disturbed Traffic Capacity Optimization Based on Network Flow Theory in Terminal Area

为解决诸如危险天气和军航活动下终端区通行能力降低的问题,对终端区受扰通行能力的优化问题进行研究。针对以往终端区在受扰情况下依靠空中交通管制员的个人经验缺乏量化决策模型导致在突发事件下压力过大、通行能力大幅下降的问题,首先,界定了终端区容量与通行能力的区别;其次,根据空中交通流运行特点,结合M/M/c排队理论建立了终端区航线的费用函数;再次,在费用函数的基础上,考虑了航线与跑道容量、管制员负荷和网络流量随时间动态变化的特点,建立了一个以航行费用最小为目标的单品种流数学模型;最后,针对终端区航线网络费用动态变化的特点,设计了一种阶段性分配流量的近似算法。最后在各种流量条件下对模型与算法进行验证,仿真结果表明,模型和算法能够有效分配流量,相比于人工分配流量能有效降低延误,且在算法运算效率上比起传统算法更具效率优势。

To solve the decrease of the real capacity of the terminal area under dangerous weather and military activities,the disturbed real capacity of the terminal area is studied.In view of the lack of quantitative decision-making model and excessive pressure while relying on the air traffic controller’s personal experience in the case of disturbance,which makes the decrease of real capacity in the emergency,firstly,the difference between the real capacity and the capacity is defined.Secondly,according to the characteristics of air traffic flow operation,combined with the M/M/c queuing theory,the cost function of the terminal area route is established.Thirdly,based on the cost function,the route and runway capacity,controller load and the dynamic network flow were considered.Meanwhile,a mathematical model of single-commodity flow with the objective function that minimizes navigation cost is established.Finally,an approximation algorithm for phased distribution flow is designed for the dynamic change of network cost.Finally,the model and algorithm are verified under various flow conditions.The simulation results show that the model and algorithm can effectively distribute the traffic,which can effectively reduce the delay compared with the manual allocation of traffic,and is more efficient than the traditional algorithm in efficiency.