纳米技术在植物病害防控中应用的研究进展

Progress in application of nanotechnology on plant diseases management in agriculture

传统的物理和化学药剂防治等调控措施已不能满足农业植物病害防控需求,迫切需要寻求新的技术和措施。近年来,纳米技术在植物病害防控方面取得了突破性研究进展,为纳米技术成为现代化农业高效生产和可持续发展的强有力工具奠定了基础。为深入了解纳米技术在植物病害防控中应用的研究进展及其实践应用,主要从2个层面综述了纳米技术在植物病害防控中的应用,包括无机纳米材料和金属纳米材料对植物病原菌的抗菌性研究,利用纳米农药和纳米载体防治植物病害的研究现状,指出了纳米技术在病害防控中的不足之处,同时展望了纳米技术在未来农业领域的发展趋势和重要地位,为利用新兴纳米技术高效、绿色防治植物病害提供重要的理论依据和实践应用指导。

Traditional physical, chemical pesticides have not met the needs of disease prevention in agriculture, and it is urgently requested to seek for new technology and alternatives. Recently, the integration of nanotechnology and agricultural biotechnology has gradually become powerful tools for efficient production and sustainable development of modern agriculture. To deeply understand the research progress of nanotechnology on controlling plant disease, the application of nanotechnology on disease management from two aspects, including the antimicrobial properties of several kinds of nanomaterials (inorganic nanomaterials and metal nanomaterials) against plant pathogenic microorganism, nanopesticides and nanocarriers application for diseases controlling were summarized in this study. Meanwhile, the deficiencies of nanotechnology in plant diseases prevention and control were pointed out and the future development trend and the importance of nanotechnology in agricultural field also were prospected, which will provide theoretical basis and guidance for efficient application of the emerging technology.