基于元胞自动机的城市道路车道缩减区渐变段长度研究

Evaluation on the Length of Transition Section of Urban Road Lane Reduction Area Based on Cellular Automata

通过对城市局部路段车道缩减现象的分析,得出车道缩减区渐变段长度对局部路段的通行能力有一定影响。本文首先将车道缩减的局部路段分成缩减前、缩减区、缩减后三个部分,设置车辆的状态检验规则,规则将车辆分成高速行驶、低速行驶、静止三种状态,对车道缩减区建立对称的同向双车道元胞自动机模型;运用MATLAB软件对模型求解,得出在不同路段长度下的通行能力,通过比较找到最优值,针对二车道缩减为一车道的道路缩减类型,得出当缩减前、后路段长度为30m,缩减区路段长度在100m～120m范围时,车道缩减区的道路通行能力是最优的;微观仿真结果表明,本模型优化得出的通行能力最优渐变段长度与仿真结果一致,验证了模型的可靠性。该方法可以为城市局部路段车道封闭区的道路长度设置提供理论依据,具有应用与实践价值。

According to the analysis of the phenomenon of lane reduction in the city road,it is concluded that the length of the road in the lane reduction section has some influence on the traffic capacity.The lane reduction section is divided into three parts:before the reduction area,the reduction area and after the reduction area,the vehicle status inspection rules are set up after that,driving of the vehicle is divided into three states:high speed,low speed,and stationary.Then,a symmetric two-lane cellular automaton model for the lane reduction area is established.The traffic capacity under different road length is obtained through MATLAB,and the optimal value is found by comparison.When the length of the front and rear sections of the reduction area is 30mand the length of the reduction area is between 100-120m,the traffic capacity reaches the optimal situation.The microscopic simulation results show that the optimal gradient length of the traffic capacity obtained by the model is consistent with the simulation results,and the reliability of the model is verified.This method can provide a reference for the road length setting in the lane reduction area.