2个杭菊主栽品种形色差异及其与菊小长管蚜数的相关性

Difference in external morphology and foliage color of two elite Chrysanthemum cultivars of Hangbaiju and their correlationship with abundance of Macrosphoniella sanborni(Gillette)

选用60日龄的盆栽早小洋菊和晚小洋菊菊苗接种菊小长管蚜无翅成蚜,15 d后发现前者的蚜数和蚜虫繁殖倍率皆显著地大于后者。检测了2个品种株高、分枝数、叶片长和宽、叶片长宽比、叶裂数等株形特征,测定二者叶片上、下表皮的亮度L*、色度坐标a*和b*、饱和度C、总色值E*等色度特征,并分析了各种特征的数值与蚜数相关性。结果显示,叶片长宽比、叶片上表皮L*、a*、b*皆分别与蚜数正相关(P<0.01);早小洋菊叶片长宽比显著大于晚小洋菊(P<0.05);早小洋菊上表皮L*、a*、b*和C分别大于晚小洋菊(P<0.05)。结论认为,该蚜嗜好叶片形状狭长、叶色更黄绿更加鲜艳明亮的早小洋菊。

The potted sixty day-olds seedlings of Chrysanthemum cultivars of Zaoxiaoyangju and Wanxiaoyangju were inoculated with the wingless adult aphids, Macrosphoniella sanborni(Gillette). After fifteen days, both aphid abundance and multiplication rate on the former were significantly larger than those on the latter. Not only plant shape characteristics, such as plant height, branch number, leaf length, leaf width, blade length-width ratio and leaf cleft number, were detected, but also chroma characteristics, including lightness L*, chroma coordinate a* and b*, color saturation C and total color value E* of upper and lower epidermis of leaves were analyzed;moreover, the correlationship of each of them with aphid abundance was analyzed, respectively. The results showed that both the length-width ratio of blade and L*, a*, or b* of upper epidermis of leaves were positively correlated with aphid abundance, respectively(P<0.01). The blade length-width ratio of cultivar Zaoxiaoyangju significantly was larger than that of cultivar Wanxiaoyangju(P<0.05). L*, a* and b* of upper epidermis of leaves of cultivar Zaoxiaoyangju were respectively larger than those of cultivar Wanxiaoyangju(P<0.05). It was considered that the aphid prefers cultivar Zaoxiaoyangju due to its blade being much narrower and leaf color being even much yellowish-green and bright.