固溶处理对304不锈钢显微组织及力学性能的影响

Effects of Solid Solution Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 304 Stainless Steel

通过光学显微镜、常温拉伸试验对轧制后的304奥氏体不锈钢进行固溶处理研究。结果表明,晶粒随着固溶温度升高逐渐转变为等轴晶,带状组织和扁平晶粒逐渐消失,304不锈钢的抗拉强度由750 MPa降低至580MPa,屈服强度由300 MPa降低至200 MPa。对应的断面收缩率逐渐由15%升高至35%,伸长率逐渐由30%升高至67%。

The solution treatment of 304 austenitic stainless steel after rolling was studied by optical microscope and tensile test at room temperature. The results show that, with the increase of solid solution temperature, the grain gradually changes to equiaxed crystal, and the banded structure and flat grain disappear gradually. The tensile strength of 304 stainless steel is reduced from 750 MPa to 580 MPa and the yield strength of 304 stainless steel is reduced from 300 MPa to 200 MPa.The corresponding cross section shrinkage rate gradually increases from 15% to 35%, and the elongation rate gradually increases from 30% to 67%.