吴彬赴蜀与晚明巴蜀山水题材绘画

Wu Bin Going to Shu Region and Bashu Landscape Themed Painting in the Late Ming Dynasty

学术界对吴彬山水画奇诡风格的来源众说纷纭,本文着重于蜀地一说,从文献和图像入手对其赴蜀时间及其相关问题进行再讨论,认为吴彬大约在16世纪80年代到达北京并进入宫廷,不迟于1588年赴蜀。除了吴彬,晚明时期还有谢时臣远赴巴蜀,以及相当数量以巴蜀山水为画题的作品。虽然巴蜀山水题材绘画起源于东晋,在隋唐五代盛极一时,但自南宋以降已逐渐衰微,晚明画坛兴起的这股巴蜀山水题材绘画风潮,可以视为画家试图通过远赴四川"外师造化",寻找新的艺术灵感,借助巴蜀山水的"玲珑窳窆,巉差巧峭"来突破"胸中丘壑,究有时而穷"困境的一种努力。

There is a multiplicity of views on the origin of Wu Bin's peculiar style of the landscape paintings in academic circles while the author deems that it comes from the scenery of Shu region.According to the literature and image,the paper makes a new discussion on Wu's time of going to Shu region and related issues.It's believed that Wu Bin arrived at Beijing and held office in the imperial court in 1580s before going to Shu region in 1588.In the late Ming dynasty;Xie Shichen also went to Bashu region and there were a many paintings themed on the scenery of Bashu region.Although Bashu landscapes dated from the Eastern Jin dynasty and flourished in the Sui,Tang,and Five dynasties,they have declined gradually since the Southern Song dynasty.The renewed tide of Bashu landscape in the late Ming dynasty could be considered as the efforts made by the artists to learn from nature by going to Bashu region and seek for the new artistic inspiration in charming but steep mountains to cover the shortage of composition and artistic conception.