胆源性急性胰腺炎的临床分型与手术时机的选择

Clinical classification and timing of surgery for gallstone acute pancreatitis

目的 探讨胆源性急性胰腺炎 (GAP )的临床分型与手术时机的选择。 方法 对 10 9例GAP患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。 结果及结论 按壶腹部有无梗阻及胰腺炎的严重程度 ,将GAP分为 4型并用不同方法处理 :( 1)轻症非梗阻型 ,以非手术治疗为主 ;( 2 )轻症梗阻型 ,自发病起观察约 36h ,如梗阻仍未解除需早期手术 ,如梗阻解除则继续非手术治疗 ;( 3)重症非梗阻型 ,以非手术治疗为主 ,并按胰腺坏死是否并发感染决定其是否手术 ;( 4 )重症梗阻型 ,宜行EST及时解除梗阻 ,如无此条件 ,应在短期支持治疗后早期手术。注意 :非手术治疗中如出现胆囊或胆道化脓性炎症宜早期手术 ;经非手术治疗度过急性期的患者 ,应限期手术解决胆石病。

Objective To evaluate the clinical classification and timing of surgery in the treatment of gallstone acute pancreatitis(GAP). Method The clinical data of 109 patients with GAP admitted to the Department of General Surgery of our hospital were retrospectively analysed. Result and Conclusion Based on the analysis of the treatment methods and its outcome, GAP should be divided into four types according to ampullary obstruction and severity of acute pancreatitis. (1)Non-obstructive mild type GAP was treated mainly in conservative way.(2)Obstructive mild type GAP could be treated conservatively for 36 hours after onset. If the obstruction did not resolve, surgery should be done. (3)Obstructive severe type GAP was treated mainly in conservative way, and the timing of surgery depends on whether necrosis complicated with infection. (4)Obstructive severe type GAP: EST should be done first. If EST is not convenient to be done, an early surgery should be done after short period of supportive therapy. Special attention should be paid to, if suppurative cholecystitis or cholangitis presented, an emergency surgery should be done. Finally, for all the GAP treated by conservative treatment, an elective surgery should be performed to resolve the biliary disease.