锂原电池长期贮存后的电性能

Electrical performances of lithium primary battery after long-term storage

锂原电池具有电压高、放电曲线平稳、适用温度范围宽以及能长期贮存、自放电率低等优点。在长期贮存期内电池的自放电率是一个十分重要、用户非常关心的性能指标 ,而这一指标又是不能在短期内测试得到的。虽然可以用不同的高温加速贮存考核办法 ,但目前还没有一个国际公认的标准 ,只能借助于数据的积累。从存贮 10a的锂 二氧化硫“D型”电池中 ,随机抽取电池壳体外观不同锈蚀程度的样品 ,进行开路电压、闭路电压、常温容量、低温容量等电性能试验 ,列出试验结果及放电曲线 ,并对结果进行分析与讨论。通过这一工作 ,定量提出了长期贮存后锂原电池开路电压的变化趋势、电压滞后现象增加以及电池总容量损失的百分率 ,为准确设计、应用锂原电池提供了数据。

The advantages of primary lithium battery are high voltage, stable discharge curve, broad application temperature range, long shelf life, low self discharge rate, etc. The self discharge rate during long storage, which can not be determined in short term, is a very important specification. Though the specification can be tested by high temperature accelerating storage method, it can only be determined by data accumulation due to there is not a recognized international standard for the determination. The D sized lithium sulphur dioxide batteries, which were stored for 10 years, were sampled randomly according to their different apparent corrosive degree, and their performances, such as the open circuit voltage(OCV), the closed circuit voltage (CCV), the normal temperature capacity and the low temperature capacity, were tested by various experiments. The testing results and the discharge curves are listed, and the results are analyzed and discussed. According to above efforts, the OCV variation trend, the increase of voltage delay and the percentage of total capacity loss of primary lithium battery after long term storage are presented quantificationally in order to provide data for designing and applying the battery correctly.