迷路动脉的解剖学观测

Anatomic investigation of the labyrinthine artery

目的 观测迷路动脉的起始、走行及它与面神经、前庭蜗神经之间的关系。方法 解剖和观测了 4 9侧脑干、桥小脑角和内耳道标本 ,记录迷路动脉的起始、行程、管径。结果 迷路动脉83 6 % (41/49)起于小脑下前动脉 ,12 3% (6 /49)起于基底动脉 ,4 1% (2 /49)起于小脑下后动脉。迷路动脉的平均 ( x±s)管径为 (0 18± 0 0 5 )mm。迷路动脉 5 5 1%为 1条 ,4 0 8%为 2条 ,4 1%为 3条。在桥小脑角和内耳门处 ,面神经位于前下 ,前庭蜗神经位于后上 ;在内耳道底 ,面神经位于上方 ,蜗神经位于前方、前庭神经位于后方 ;迷路动脉多位于第Ⅶ、Ⅷ脑神经之间。结论 迷路动脉主要起于小脑下前动脉 ,行于第Ⅶ、Ⅷ脑神经之间 ,是供应面神经、前庭蜗神经和耳蜗与前庭器的主要动脉。桥小脑角。

Objective To observe the origin, the course and the location of the labyrinthine artery, and to investigate the spacial relationship between LA and facial nerve and vestibulocochlear nerve (VCN) Methods The specimens including 49 sides cerebellopontine angle (CPA) and internal acousticmeatus (IAM) infused with red galatin into artery were dissected and observed under operating microscope Results LA arised from anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) (83 6%), or basilar artery (BA) (12 3%) or vertebral artery (VA) (4 1%) AICA formed a loop in cerebellopontine angle (CPA) or internal acoustic meatus (IAM) The loop was located in the extra meatus of IAM (28 6%), or at the opening of the IAM (18 4%), or in intra meatus of IAM (36 7%) AICA passed over ventral side of VII and VIII cranial nerves (18 4%) or across between VII and VIII cranial nerve root (81 6%) LA was a mono arterial (51 1%), or bi arterial (40 8%), or tri arterial (4 1%) vessel The calibre of LA was (0 18±0 05) mm In CPA and IAM, facial nerve located anteroinferior to VIII cranial nerve, but the location of VCN was posteriolaterally LA most commonly coursed between VII and VIII LA divided into anterior vestibular artery, vestibulocochlar artery and cochlear artery On the base of IAM, the facial nerve situated in anterosuperior, but cochlear nerve in anteroinferior and vestibular nerve in posterosuperior Conclusion LA was a mainly artery supplied to facial nerve, VCN and vestibulocochlear organs Once LA is damaged, facial weakness (or paralysis), vertigo or hearing loss would be developed