我国低山丘陵区水土流失生态环境背景分析

Analysis of Soil Erosion Environment Background in China

我国是一个以山地为主的国家 ,山地多为大江大河的源头 ,而低山丘陵为这些大江大河支流的发源地 ,这些区域的水土流失必然会带来环境问题。本文以TM影象为数据源 ,以GIS为技术支撑 ,从DEM中获取低山丘陵层 ,以此为MASK层 ,提取水土流失及相应的生态环境背景各层 ,包括土地利用、坡度、年降水、积温、植被等生态背景层 ,这些背景层是多年数据的平均 ,然后把水土流失层与环境背景各层分别叠加 ,分析不同环境背景下水土流失状况 。

There is more than 70% mountains in China,and these mountains are the resources of rivers,such as Changjiang river,Huanghe river.Moreover,these hills are resources of branches of main rivers.Soil erosion in these areas will lead to river environment change,and causes more disasters,such as flood.With Rs and GIS supported,this paper analyses features of soil erosion environment background in these hill areas,then we suggest some points for treating soil erosion.The steps as fellow:first,we extract hill coverage from DEM with the elevation less than 1000M according to traditional method,second,we set hill coverage as a mask in ARC/INFO to get environment background coverage,that is we have slope coverage,NDVI coverage,etc.Third,we combine these coverages with soil erosion coverage in ARC/INFO.So we suggest some treatments for controlling soil erosion.