20世纪下半叶世界远程教育的主流

The Mainstream of Distance Education in the World During the Second Half of 20^（th） Century-Review and Prospect of Distance Education in the World(3)

英国开放大学的历史性成功及此后在发达国家和发展中国家同时兴起的一批独立设置的开放大学或远程教学大学，成为 20世纪下半叶远程教育发展的主流模式。自治的远程教学大学具有的优势不仅表现在整个系统的结构和功能上，而且体现在其课程、学生和决策管理等子系统的特征上。世界上已有 11所注册学生数在 10万人以上的巨型大学，它们已成为自治的远程教学大学的主要代表。巨型大学成功地解决了传统教育难以处理的“开放、质量和资源”这一永恒的三角关系，成为它们所在国家扩大高等教育的先驱。

After the historical success of the United Kingdom Open University(UKOU),a number of autonomous open universities and distance teaching universities in both developed and developing countries have become the mainstream of distance education in the second half of the 20thcentury.The autonomous distance teaching universities have the advantages not only in their system structure and functions,but also in the characteristics of their course,student and management subsystems.In the present world,there are 11 mega－ universities with enrollment over 100 thousand students,they have become the main representatives of autonomous distance teaching universities.The mega－ universities have solved the elementary triangle relationship of“ openness,quality and resources” ,which is a big problem for conventional education.These mega－ universities have become the pioneers of mass higher education in their countries.