西双版纳热带雨林中砂仁种植的可持续性分析

Analysis on the sustainability of Amomum villosum cultivation under the tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna.

从生态效益和经济效益方面对在热带雨林中砂仁的种植经营模式进行了分析 .结果表明 ,种植砂仁后 ,热带雨林中的植物多样性、凋落物量和土壤肥力比同类型的原始林都有不同程度的下降 ,营养元素在土层中的分布也有所改变 ;由于不合理的经营管理方式 ,在种植砂仁 7～ 8年后 ,其经济效益呈明显下降趋势 ,表明林下砂仁的种植方式是不可持续性的 .据此 ,提出了模式的改进设想 ,以达到生态效益、经济效益和社会效益相统一 。

Amomum villosum has been cultivated under tropic rainforest in Xishuangbanna area since 1970s. The cultivation area of Amomum villosum had expanded to 5811 hm\+2 by 1998,and the dry fruit yield had reached to 542 t. In this study,the ecological and economical benefits of this cultivation model were analyzed. The results showed that plant diversity,litter,soil humidity,and soil fertility of rainforest decreased at different levels after Amomum villosum cultivated under rainforest,and the distribution of nutrition had been changed in the soil. The economical benefits had an obvious downtrend after 7～8 years cultivating due to irrational management. So,the present cultivation model of Amomum villosum under the tropical rainforest was not sustainable. For the objectives of harmonizing the ecological,economic,and social benefits and sustainable utilization of the rainforest,and improved model was also discussed in this study.