湖南省南岳种子植物区系的研究

Study on seed plant flora in Nanyue,Hunan Province

湖南省南岳种子植物属的成分主要是泛热带、北温带和东亚 3种分布区类型 ,分别占总属数的 2 2 .6 %、1 8.8%和 1 4.9% ,温带和热带 2种性质分子比例相当 ,分别占 47.5 %和5 2 .5 % ;其种的区系成分主要由华夏、东亚、中国 -日本和华东 -华中等 4种分布式样构成 ,分别占总种数的 2 4 .47%、1 6 .6 0 %、1 4.1 7%和 1 1 .6 5 % ,若扣除分布范围较广的世界广布、旧世界热带、热带亚洲至热带非洲、热带亚洲至热带澳洲、热带亚洲、南北温带 (全温带 )、北温带、东亚、中国 -喜马拉雅、中国 -日本和华夏等 1 1种式样 ,则“华东 -华中”及其邻近分布的式样共计 1 77种 ,占剩余总种数 (2 87种 )的 6 1 .6 7% ,说明南岳种子植物区系具有典型的“华东 -华中”过渡色彩。数量分析结果表明 ,南岳植物区系与庐山的关系十分密切 。

The Nanyue,Hengshan Mountain,is situated in the central part of Hunan Province.Its geographical location is longitude 112°34′E to 112°44′E and latitude 27°10′N to 27°20′N,covering an area of 8 200 hm 2.It is the main peak of the Zhurong Peak with a height of 1 289.8 m above sea level and a relative altitude of 1 209.8 m.Its geomorphy is middle mountainous type,with distinct vertical soil zones,according to bio-climatic conditions,they distribute the mountain red earth,the mountain yellow earth,the mountain yellow-brown yearth and meadow soil from the foot to the top of the Nanyue.It belongs to middle-subtropical monsoon zone,with mean annual teperature of 14.8℃,accumulate temperature of daily temperature≥10 ℃ of 4 500℃～5 000℃,extreme lowest temperature of -15.3℃ and extreme highest temperature of 32.4℃ in normal year.Mean annual precipitation is 1 640.8 mm.Mean annual relative humidity is 80%.The vegetation types are very variety and include seven types i.e.Subtropic coniferous forests,Evergreen broad-leaved forests,Bamboo forests,Evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forests,Evergreen broad-leaved shrubland,Deciduous broad-leaved shrub and and Mountain top meadow.The areal-types on genera of the seed plant in Nanyue of Hunan Province are major Pantropic,North Temperate and Eastern Asia which occupy 22.6%,18.8% and 14.9% of total genera respectively.The proportion of tropic and temperature elements in this area are nearing and occupy 47.5% and 52.5% respectively.The distributional patterns on species of seed plant in Nanyue of Hunan Province are mainly Cathaysian,Eastern Asia,Sino-Japan and East China-Central China which occupy 24.47%,16.60%,14.17% and 11.65% of total genera respectively.If 11 distributional patterns of Comsopolitan,Old World Tropic,Tropic Asia to Afirca,Tropic Asia to Australia,Tropic Aisa,South to North Temperate,North Temperate,Eastern Asia,Cathaysian,Sino-Japan and Sino-Himalaya can be taken out,the distributional patterns of Eastern to Central China and its adjacent regions occupy 61.67% of total residual species.The foristic characteristics in Nanyue of Hunan Province are the transition between Eastern to Central China in Chinese flora zone.The relationships of flora between Nanyue and Lushan Mountain is closest,and the Nanyue flora can be belonged to East China Region.