花粉形态与风媒植物母体地理分布间的关系

PALLEN MORPHOLOGY OF ANEMOPHILOUS PLANTS AND THEIR GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION

本文对部分风媒植物花粉形态特征 ,及其母体植物地理分布情况进行了对照研究。在此基础上发现 ,同一分类系统内 ,小个体花粉者 ,其母体植物地理分布趋向于较优越环境。对于具气囊花粉而言 ,具较大气囊者 ,或者花粉本体较小者 ,其母体植物趋向于分布在低纬度或较低海拔环境。并且 ,产大个体或球状花粉者 ,往往具有较强的单种成林倾向。本文首次指出了花粉形态与母体植物地理分布间存在着一定的统计学关系 ,并首次将动态概念引入植物生态学领域 ,认为花粉形态特征作为一项重要的参变量 ,通过种间生存竞争过程对母体植物适应倾向施加影响 ,进而影响物种的生活习性。那些在花粉的传播及授粉过程中稍占优势的物种 ,其自然分布域趋向于比较优越的环境。本文仅作为一种尝试 ,试图为动态植物生态学研究 ,乃至植物生态演化学研究提供一个新的研究思路。

A comparative study between pollen morphological characteristics of some anemophilous plant and geographical distribution pattem of these motherplants indicates that, in the same taxonomic rank, the mother plants of those pollen grains with small sizes are inclined to live in a favorable and lush environment, while the mother plants of saccate pollen, namely those pollen with larger sacci or smaller central body, are generally distributed in lower latitude or lower height above sea-level. Furthermore, those anemophilous plants producing larger or spherical pollen grains usually have a stronger inclination of single-species forestation. The present paper first demonstrates that there exists some kind of statistic relation between pollen morphology and mother plant's spatial distribution and introduces the dynamic conception into plant ecology. The pollen morphological characteristics as an important parameter can exert influence on the adaptable inclination of their mother plants during the course of species struggle for life and further change the living habits of the relevant species. The natural distribution of those species with easier pollen transportation and pollination will spread in relatively superior environments.