水稻基因型×环境互作效应分析及其与气候因子的关系

The Analysis of Genotype × Environment Interaction and Weather Conditions in Rice Multi-Environmental Trials

利用多年水稻（早籼稻和晚粳稻）区域试验产量结果和有关试验点气候资料，分析 了基因型×环境互作效应结构变化趋势、与主要气候因子以及试点平均产量的关系等．研究表 明，水稻基因型×环境互作效应值在年度间相对稳定，存在着一个相对稳定的数值．单一试点 水平上产生的交互效应值年度间也保持相对稳定．试点的互作效应由固定部分（由土壤等因素引 起）和随机部分（由不确定气候等因素引起）两部分混合组成，两部分约各占５０％．试点互作效应 与试点对品种判别能力的估算参数（Ｄｊ参数）之间均存在着较好的线性相关关系，与试点平均产 量之间则表现出一种不规则状态．与气候因子的相关性分析结果表明，晚粳稻试验点品种×地点 互作效应与１０月份（灌浆成熟期）的平均日照和平均气温有较大的相关性．从总体趋势上看，气 温和日照与试验点互作效应呈负向相关关系．

The data were analyzed from rice(Oryza sativa) multi-environment trials and weather material test sites in Zhejiang Province, China. The results indicate that the structure of GEI in rice trials is stable in general. The GET caused by a single test site also maintains a relatively stable value. It is recognized that the GEl is a mixture of repeatable components (caused by soil types. et al) and non-repeatable components(caused by unforeseeahle weather factors. et al) which are fifty-fifty. There is a clear linear relationship between the GEI and a parameter(Dj) for estimating the capability of test site discriminating the best genotypes of crop meanwhile there is no particular relationship between the GEI and the mean yield of the test site. In general, there is an inverse relationship between the GEI and the air temperature or sunshine of the test sites, especially the air temperature or sunshine in October, for japonica rice.