文化人类学方法在旅游规划中的应用

Anthropology in the Regional Tourism Planning

从大量的旅游规划中,我们可以看到,旅游规划专家们只是注重旅游的经济影响和环境影响,因而,在规划中提出了很多发展旅游经济和保护环境的措施,而忽视了旅游对旅游地的文化影响,对如何保护旅游地的文化,很多的规划文本都没有涉及。我们运用文化人类学中文化涵化和变迁等理论和方法,对旅游地开发后可能出现的文化影响进行评估与分析,进一步提出在旅游规划中对旅游的文化影响进行监督和调控的一般方法,以确保旅游业的可持续发展。

Experts of tourism planning pay attention only to the economic and the environmental impacts of tourism in most of cases. Thus, there are full of steps to develop tourism economy and to protect the environment in planning, but little of how to resume the local culture and to evaluate the cultural impact of tourism on tourist destinations. Using the theories and methods of cultural assimilation and dissimilation in cultural anthropology, the paper analyses and estimates the cultural impact of tourism, and offers some general ways on how to supervise and harmonize the cultural impact of tourism in tourism planning, which is sure to make the sustainable development available.