母乳喂养流行病学调查随访研究——母乳喂养率分析

Epidemiologic survey follow-up study on mother's breast-feeding——I analysis of the rate of breast-feeding

运用流行病学调查随访研究方法,观察了461名乳母产后6月内母乳喂养情况。婴儿出生后1～6月总母乳喂养率为57.92％。各月份母乳喂养率在出生后4～6月份下降迅速。男女婴儿出生后1～6月总母乳喂养率分别为54.65％、62.50％,差异不显著(P>0.05),但各月份母乳喂养率2～3月内女婴显著高于男婴(P<0.01)。461名中连续喂满4个月(120夭)的母乳喂养率为56.83％,连续喂满6个月(180天)的为42.08％。一次性普查所得的总母乳喂养率为52.06％,基本可以代表调查随访研究所得的总母乳喂养率。但在作一次性普查总母乳喂养率间比较时,应先进行率的标化。导致完全人工喂养1月以上的主要因素为无奶和母婴疾病。乳母产前工作性质、工作环境、文化程度在该研究中未看出与产后6月内母乳喂养率有明显关系。

In this research, the epidemiologic survey follow-up study was used to investigatethe rate of breast-feeding in 461 mothers who breast-fed their infants within 6 monthspostpartum. The total breast-feeding rate within 6 months postpartum was 57.92%.The rate of breast-feeding decreased quikly from 4 to 6months after delivery. Thetotal breast-feeding rates for male infants and femal infants were 54.65% and 62.50%respectively, and the difference was not significant. But the rate of breast-feedingfor femal infants was obviously higher than that of male infants from 2 to 3 monthsafter delivery (P<0.01). The rates of successive breast-feeding of the infants for4 months (120 days) and for 6 months (180 days) were 56.83% and 42.08%respectively. The total rate of cross-sectional study was 52.06%, and it could repres-ent that of the survey follow-up study. But the former total breast-feeding rate should be standardized while comparison was carried out. In this study no relation wasfound between mothers occupations, working conditions, and educationantepartum and the rate of breast-feeding.