某地中小学生因病休退学及死因的现状调查

ANALYSIS ON CAUSE OF DROPOUT SCHOOL AND DEATH IN MIDDLE AND PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SHENGPING DISTRICT OF SHANTOU CITY.

目的 :了解中小学生健康现状 ,掌握其变化规律。方法 :对汕头市升平区中小学校 1997～ 2 0 0 0年因病休退学及死亡的统计报表进行分析。结果 :四年间本区中小学生总因病休退学率为 1.33‰ ,总死亡率为 0 .10‰ ;小学休退学病因前五位为跌 (摔 )伤、心血管病、肝炎、肾炎及恶性肿瘤 ,中学前五位为肝炎、跌 (摔 )伤、胃肠炎、心血管病及精神疾病 ,男生因病休退学率均高于女生 ;小学生死因前三位为溺水、先天性心脏病、白血病 ,中学生主要死因为白血病和溺水。结论 :意外伤害已严重威胁青少年的健康和生命 ,控制先天性疾患和恶性肿瘤也应提到重要议程上来 ,小学的防治工作重点应放在预防意外伤害 ,中学则应重点加强消化疾病的防治工作 。

Objective:In order to study the health status of middle and primary school students and understand the changing regularity.Methods:The data about cause of dropout school and death from 1997 to 2000 in Shengping district of Shantou city were analysed.Results:During the four years,the rate of dropout school and mortality rate were 1.33‰ and 0.10‰,respectively.The main cause included falls,cardiovascular complaint,hepatitis,nephritis and malignant tumour for primary school.The hepatits,fall,stomach disease,cardiovascular complaint and insanity were ranked in middle schools.The rate of dropout school of male students was higher than female students.The death in water,congenital cardiopathy and leukemia were ranked on cause of death in primary school students.The congenital cardiopathy and death in water were main cause of death in middle school students.Conclusion:The unintentional injuries have threatened students youth health and life.Its necessary to pay more attention to prevention of unintentional injuries and disease control among middle and primary school students.