高原与低氧性肺动脉高压

High altitude and hypoxic pulmonary hypertension

低氧性肺动脉高压 (HPH)是高原适应生理的重要环节 ,也是各型高原病的发病机理。HPH的发病机理有如下几种学说 :①在高原环境下扩血管和缩血管激素的比例失调 ;②细胞膜阳离子运转缺陷 ;③细胞活性物质和内皮细胞功能紊乱 ;④血管结构发生改变。提示在高原HPH时肺循环的储备能力减少 ,认为这是正常人在高原劳动能力受限的重要原因。

Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension(HPH)is a key link of the adaptation physiology in high altitude area and the pathogenesis of all types of high altitude diseases.HPH pathogenesis includes following hypotheses(1)proportion inbalance of the vasoconstrictor hormone and vasodilator hormone at high altitude environment;(2)disturbance of cellular cation transport;(3)dysfunction of cellular active disturbance;(4)change in vasocular structure,etc.It is suggested that the reserve ability of pulmonary circulation has decreased at high altitute hypoxic pulmonary hypentension,and it is an important restricted factor of labour ability at high altitude.The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of HPH by physiological and pathological characteristic method were also discussed in the paper.