快速原型技术及其在复合材料成形方面的应用

Rapid prototyping technology and its application to shaping composites

快速原型技术是一种材料成型新工艺 ,它综合了计算机、机械手及材料科学等多学科的专业技术 ,是近 2 0年来世界制造技术领域的一次重大突破 .RP技术的基本思想是 :基于任何形状复杂的物体都是由互相平行的面结构组成的 ,因而通过计算机可以将预定的物体依次进行分层设计 ,然后控制带工作头的执行机械手将相应的材料按层“黏贴”起来 ,这样可最终制得该实物 .以此技术能方便地制得处于物体内部、与体外不相通的任何空心结构 ,能制备纤维增强高分子材料基复合材料和复合陶瓷制品 .局部跟踪加热或焊接技术可望解决金属材料新、“旧”料间的黏合问题 .因此 ,RP技术在制备高分子基。

Rapid prototyping(RP) technology which integrated computer, robot and composite science is an advanced technique for processing special mechanical parts, and it is a great invention in the last 20 years. The basic theory of the rapid prototyping technology is based on the fact that any mechanical part, even if the shape of which is very complex, can be considered as an aggregate of the planes which are parallel to each other, and the figure of each plane represented the factual shape of the corresponding section in the part. Therefore any object can be shaped by pasting the parallel planes to be pre designed, and the shaping process can be finished by means of a robot controlled by a computer automatically. By the RP technology, many mechanical parts made from fiber reinforced macromolecule matrix composites or multi component ceramics have been obtained. On the other hand, local heating or welding to track the nozzle for feeding materials will be an effective method to link the new material with the old material. However the RP technology will play an important role in shaping macromolecule matrix composites, multi component ceramics and metal matrix composites, and its developmental foreground will be very considerable.