颌面部爆炸伤模型的建立及颞颌关节盘的损伤

Establishment and study on the discal injury of animal model of blast injury in maxillofacial region

目的 建立标准的颌面部爆炸伤动物模型 ,并研究颞颌关节盘的损伤特点 .方法 选用微球形炸药作爆炸源距兔面部不同距离引爆致伤 ,建立颌面部爆炸伤动物模型 ,并于伤后即刻 ,6 h,1d观察伤情 ,切取伤侧颞颌关节盘行光镜、透射电镜观察 .结果 实验建立的颌面部爆炸伤动物模型重复性、稳定性好 ,更接近战时爆炸损伤 ;伤侧颞颌关节盘水肿、纤维排列紊乱、局灶性溶解 .结论 该模型是有典型代表性的创伤模型 ,有广泛的适用性 ;颞颌关节能够起到很大的力学缓冲作用 。

AIM To establish standard animal model of blast injuries in maxillofacial region and to study the injury of articular disc of temporomandibular joint of the wounded side. METHODS Spherical explosive was used to wound themaxillofacial region of rabbits at different distances to set up an animal model. Gross observation of disc after trauma was made, and the specimens of disc were dissected out for light and electron microscopic observations right after trauma, 6 hours and 24 hours after trauma respectively to study the pathomorphological changes. RESULTS The animal model showed good stability and had most characteristics of injuries in war. The disc of the wounded side became edematous, and disorder and degradation existed in collagenous fiber. CONCLUSION The animal model is typical and can be used widely. Temporomandibular joint has a great cushion effect in protecting the brain from injury.