组织工程学可降解性泡孔支架材料及其制作方法

Formation of Porous Biodegradable Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

近几年随着移植器官供给的逐渐减少 ,探索人工器官构造材料的组织工程学方法已引起了人们的广泛关注。制作利于组织细胞生活和器官功能恢复的泡孔支架三维空间结构的降解材料是近年来组织工程学展现出的新的研究领域。在这些研究领域中 ,泡孔支架结构构造材料的选择是这些技术得以成功的关键。同时 ,泡孔支架材料自身的化学特性和物理特性 ,如可粘附细胞的材料表面积等也都是必不可少的。本文比较了各种泡孔支架材料的多孔特性、孔径尺寸以及在促进组织生长方面的基本情况 ,较详细地对增加这些泡孔支架材料表面积的材料泡孔制作方法或技术进行了概述。介绍的泡孔支架材料的制作技术或方法主要包括 :纤维粘接方法、溶媒涂层 /微粒浸析方法、气体泡孔法 ,以及相分离 /乳化作用方法。

This newly emerging field uses tissue specific cells in a three dimensional organization, provided by a scaffolding material, to return functionality of the organ. For these applications, the choice of scaffolding material is crucial to the success of the technique. In addition to the chemical properties of the material, physical properties such as surface area for cell attachment are essential. Various methods of creating pores in these materials to increase surface area are reviewed here. Scaffolds formed using the different techniques, which include fiber bonding, solvent casting/particulate leaching, gas foaming and phase separation, are compared on the basis of porosity, pore size, and promotion of tissue growth.