金属氢化物热泵操作特性的研究

A STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF METAL HYDRIDE HEAT PUMPS

本文从升温、增热和制冷三种热泵的卡诺COP公式出发,分析了提高热泵COP值的方法和金属氢化物对的选择,文中还给出了三种热泵的实际COP计算公式,最后计算了世界上已开发的热泵样机的COP值。计算结果表明,操作温度的差值对于升温型热泵与对于增热型或制冷型热泵有着相反的影响效果;选择金属氢化物对对于升温型热泵应使△H^H<△H^L,而对于增热型和制冷型热泵应尽量使△H^H≥△H^L。

The cycles of metal hydride heat pumps are divided into three operation modes: heat upgrading mode,heat amplification mode and refrigeration mode.The performance efficiency of a heat pump is measured by the Coefficient of Performance(COP).The ideal COP formulae and Carnot COP formulae are presented in the paper and the actual COP formulae for the three modes are also derived.Methods to raise the COP of a heat pump are discussed.Finally,the COPs of some hydride heat pump prototypes developed in the world are calculated.The results show that the operating temperature difference has different effect on heat upgrading mode from that on heat amplification mode or refrigeration mode.Suitable pairs of metal hydrides should be those with ΔHH <ΔHL for heat upgrading mode and as ΔHH≥ΔHL as possible for heat amplification mode and refrigeration mode.