南海季风区地面温度变化特征及其与季风爆发的联系

Characteristics of Surface Temperature Variations in the SCS Monsoon Region and Connections with the Monsoon Onset

分析 1 979年 1月至 1 995年 1 2月 1 7a南海季风区候平均地面温度资料的时空变化特征发现 ,中南半岛西北部和印度半岛分别为地面候平均温度标准差的大值区 ,其位置和强度在南海季风爆发前后月份具有显著差异。从候平均温度纬圈偏差的时间演变来看 ,中南半岛地区纬圈温度偏差由正转负的时间早于印度半岛地区 ,并分别与南海夏季风和印度夏季风爆发的时间基本对应。在夏季风爆发之前 ,印度半岛和中南半岛地区的地面温度是逐候增加的 ,季风爆发以后地面温度迅速降低 ,而海洋上的表面温度增温幅度明显小于与其相邻的陆地。此外 ,从南海季风爆发早晚年中南半岛与南海地区表面温度距平差和各自温度距平的时间演变看 。

The temporal and spatial variations of the pentad mean surface air temperature have been analyzed in this paper based on the data of NCEP/NCAR from January of 1979 to December of 1995 in the South China Sea(SCS) monsoon region.It is found that there exist two maximum centers of the temperature standard deviation in the northwest Indochina and the Indian Peninsulas,and their location and strength change significantly during the period of SCS monsoon onset.The positive zonal deviation changes into negative deviation earlier in the southern Indochina Peninsula than in the Indian Peninsula,accompanied with a gradient from south to north in the longitudinal belt of the Indian Peninsula.In addition,the features of the temperture anomaly differences between the Indochina and SCS are different significantly.Therefore, the surface air temperature changes in the Indochina and the Indian Peninsula regions maybe have some connections with the SCS monsoon onset and the Indian monsoon onset,and the Indochina Peninsula becomes the sensitive or key region to the SCS monsoon onset probably.