FDI是否会迅速逃离:基于工业行业根植性的视角

Whether FDI Will Flee Quickly: Based on the Perspective of Industrial Sector's Embeddeness

工业外商直接投资企业数量下降已经是不争的事实,FDI企业撤出中国将会对经济发展产生较大影响。FDI行业根植性是衡量FDI企业与上下游行业紧密联系的重要指标,本文通过对中国工业22个行业FDI根植性及其影响因素的研究,发现FDI的行业根植性相对平稳,并不会迅速迁移。国家政策是使得一些FDI企业行业根植性在2007出现拐点的最大原因。市场激烈竞争、劳动力成本上升等原因导致了FDI行业根植性的下降,不利于粘住外资企业;而行业外向性、市场需求等因素有助于提高FDI行业根植性,使得FDI企业不易迅速逃离。

It is an indisputable fact that the number of industrial FDI enterprises declines. The withdrawal of FDI enterprises will have relatively great effects on Chinese economic development. The embeddeness of FDI industry is an important indicator that weighs the close connection between FDI enterprises and upstream and downstream industries. By studying the FDI embeddeness and its influencing factors of 22 industries of Chinese industrial sector,this paper finds that the industrial embeddeness of FDI is relatively stable and will not shift rapidly. National policy is the biggest cause for the turning point appeared in the industrial embeddeness of some FDI enterprises in 2007. The causes like sharp market competition and the rise of labor cost directly lead to the industrial embeddeness of FDI. It is not good to keep the foreign funded enterprises. And the rise of the factors such as industrial export-orientation and market demand can promote the rise of the industrial embeddeness of FDI and makes FDI enterprises not flee quickly.