基于n层二叉树的水下无线传感器网络路由算法的设计

Routing Algorithm Design on Basis of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks of n Layer Binary Tree

基于超声波进行通信的水下无线传感器网络很难采用陆地上使用的无线传感器网络路由算法。提出了一种基于n层二叉树的水下无线传感器网络路由算法的设计过程,基于三维空间坐标来对水下传感器节点进行定位,采用最接近水平轴的策略来选择最远邻居,利用传感器彼此间的深度差来决定路由方向,通过多跳方式,基于多路径进行数据传输。通过MATLAB实现了算法的性能仿真,分别探讨了不同层数和传输半径的影响,实验结果显示,二叉树的层数越高,传输半径越大,其数据包传递率越高。通过传输半径为100 m的3层二叉树算法对比了DBR、ECBP和Hydrocast3种路由算法的数据包传递率和能耗情况。结果显示,该算法具备较高的数据包传递率,而能耗相对较低。在实际水下传感器网络应用中,选择合适传输半径和层数的二叉树路由算法,实现数据包传递率和能耗的折中,是未来研究的热点问题。

On the basis of the difficulty of using the on land algorithm for the underwater wireless sensor networks which were communicated by ultrasonic,this paper put forward a kind of routing algorithm design procedure on the basis of underwater wireless sensor networks of N layer binary tree.On account of using three-dimensional spatial coordinates to fix the position of underwater sensor nodes,we adoped the nearest horizontal axis to choose the farthest neighbor and utilized sensors＇ depth difference between each other to decide the routing direction.Through the way of multi-hop,multi-path was used to transmit data.Using MATLAB to realize algorithm＇s performance simulation,this paper studies the effects of different layers and transmission radius respectively.The experimental results show that the higher binary tree＇s layers are,the bigger transmission radius and the quicker the packet delivery rate are.Using 100m transmission radius＇ 3 layers binary tree algorithm to contrast the packet delivery rate and energy consumption of the DBR、ECBP and Hydrocast algorithm.The result shows that this algorithm has a quicker packet delivery rate and lower energy consumption.In the practical network application of underwater sensor,choosing binary tree routing algorithm of appropriate signal transmission radius and layers,and to realize the medium of the packet delivery rate and energy consumption are the hot topics of future research.