海底油气管道风险评估和运维成本优化

Risk Assessment and Maintenance Cost Optimization of Undersea Oil and Gas Pipelines

鉴于当下严峻的油气管道运行安全形势,分析研究管道风险评估与运维成本之间的关系越来越重要。急需建立一套海底管道完整性评估与管理体系,确保海底管道的安全,尽可能将事故可能发生的概率降到最低。介绍了风险评估的基本理念,阐述了风险评估的实施流程,并通过定量计算失效风险,列出了风险大小评判矩阵表,提出有的放矢的成本管理可以有效降低管道运行维护费用;而管道的运维优化,是以尽量少的成本获取最大的安全程度。以风险评估成本表的形式列出了管道运行维护费用的走向和分布,管道维护管理者可以按照其合理安排费用,节省成本。

It is more and more important to make analysis and study of the relations between risk assessment of pipelines and maintenance cost thanks to the current stern situation in safety of oil and gas pipelines. It is of great urgency to establish an assessment and management system for integrity of undersea oil and gas pipelines to ensure safety of operation and minimize the possibility for accidents. This article makes briefings about the basic conceptions of risk assessment, elaborates the implementation process for risk assessment, lists the matrix table for judgment of the risks through quantitative calculation of the failure risks, and draws the conclusion that purposely cost management can effectively lower the cost for operation and maintenance of pipelines. Optimization of pipeline operation and maintenance aims at maximize the safety of pipelines at the possible lowest cost. The trend and distribution of cost for pipeline operation and maintenance are listed in the form of risk assessment cost table. Managers can make operation and maintenance of pipelines cost-effective on the basis of the table.