马铃薯抗寒材料的筛选及鉴定

Selection and Identification of Cold Resistance Lines on Potato

为了给马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)抗寒品种选育提供基因资源,采用测定叶片渗透率、SOD酶活性以及离体叶片低温胁迫方法对地方品种普安紫洋芋和费乌瑞它自然及辐射变异株系的抗寒性进行鉴定。结果显示:从处理组间渗透率与SOD来看,普安紫洋芋和费乌瑞它变异株系不同温度处理组的渗透率与SOD检测结果一致,均是常温对照组(CK)>0℃(或-3℃)处理组>4℃处理组;各处理单株之间渗透率与SOD差异较大。从离体叶片低温胁迫鉴定来看,当最低处理温度为-6℃时,费乌瑞它自然变异抗寒株系Ⅲ-25-5的存活率为85.7%,其CK的存活率为57.1%;当最低处理温度为-7℃时,费乌瑞它辐射变异株系3-23X的叶片存活率为42.9%,其CK的存活率为7.1%。普安紫洋芋和费乌瑞它变异株系不同单株间抗寒能力表现出明显差异,在其中进行单株抗寒性的选择有效果。

In order to provide genetic resources of cold resistance for breeding potato, the cold resistance ability was identified by determina- tion leaf.permeability, SOD activity and low temperature stress using Puan purple potato and mutation lines of Favorita naturally and radia- tion. The results showed that the permeability determination of Puan purple potato and Favorita mutation lines were similar（ normal tempera- ture group （CK） 〉 0 ℃ or 3 ℃ group 〉 4 ℃ ）. The differences of individual permeability were obvious. The results of SOD enzyme activi- ty detection were consistent with the results of permeability test. The leaf survival rate of Favorita naturally mutation lines 111-25-5 was 85.7 % for and its CK was 57.1% when the minimum processing temperature was -6 ℃. When the minimum processing temperature was -7 ℃, the leaf survival rate of Favorita radiation mutation lines 3-23X was 42.9 % and its CK was 7.1%. The plants cold resistance ability were obvious different for Puan purple potato and Favorita mutation lines. The plant selection of cold resistance ability was effective.