水稻主要病害发生区划研究

Study on Occurrence Regionalization of Rice Major Diseases

根据2000-2009年全国153个县点稻区提供的水稻主要病害测报资料,结合水稻病害发生面积等因素,统计各调查点10年期间稻瘟病、稻曲病、稻纹枯病、水稻白叶枯和条纹叶枯病发生程度,并以病害发生程度为病害区划的主要指标。利用arcview3.3软件,采用地理统计学方法中的反距离加权空间插值法,形成了我国水稻主要病害的分布区划图。结果显示,稻瘟病和纹枯病在全国稻区均有发生,水稻稻瘟病重发生区主要分布在西南稻区的部分地区,纹枯病重发生区主要在东南沿海和华中优势产区,而稻曲病重发生区主要分布在云南中部、江西北部、福建西南的局部地区,总发生程度呈上升趋势;水稻白叶枯病发生程度相对较轻;水稻条纹叶枯病在除江苏省重发外,其他地区主要是轻度发生。此研究为水稻病害综合治理,以及实现农业生产资源合理配置、制定科学水稻生产政策提供了理论依据。

According to the rice major disease monitor data from 153 counties of China from 2000 to 2009, cond^ining with the factors, such as the occurrence area of rice diseases, the occurrence degree of rice false smut, rice blast, sheath blight, rice bacterial blight and stripe vi- rus disease were investigated in 10 years, which was used as the main indicator of regionalization, then using arcview3.3 soft-wara, the occur- rence regionalization of five rice major diseases were formed by inverse distance weighted interpolation method in geographical statistics. The results showed that the rice blast and sheath blight often occurred in rice growing area; heavy occurrence areas of rice blast mainly distributed in the southwest China; heavy occurrence areas of rice sheath blight mainly distributed in the southeast coast of China and central China; heavy occurrence areas of the rice false smut mainly distributed in the local region of central Yunnan, northern Jiangxi and Southwestern Fu- jian, the total incidence degree was upward trend; rice bacterial blight occurred to a lesser degree, in addition to Jiangsu province, rice stripe virus disease slightly happened in other rice cultivation areas. The research provided theoretical basis for the rice diseases integrated management as well as the realization of the rational allocation of resources in making scientific policy of agricultural production for rice pro- duction.