不同生长时期竹荪覆土层土壤微生物、理化性质及其酶活性的变化研究

Study on Changes of Microorganisms,Physicochemical Property and Enzyme Activities about Soil over Dictyophora indusiata at Different Growth Stages

以棘托竹荪为材料,在福建省泰宁县新桥乡大源村进行田间试验,对不同生长时期竹荪覆土层中土壤微生物、土壤理化性质及其土壤酶活性进行了研究。结果表明:在竹荪生长过程中,土壤中细菌、真菌、放线菌的数量依次增加29.76%、262.30%、201.12%,其中现蕾期,细菌所占土壤微生物总数的比例达到了99.75%;土壤pH呈递减趋势,全氮和全磷有所增加,桃形期含量显著高于其它时期,而全钾和有机质含量在成熟期达到最低值,与现蕾期含量相比存在显著性差异;土壤中脲酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性,桃形期达到最大值,其中成熟期土壤中蔗糖酶活性显著低于其它时期,表明土壤肥力出现了一定程度的降低,这与竹荪生长消耗土壤中大量营养物质造成肥力降低也是相符的。

Field experiment was conducted to study the microorganisms,physicochemical property and enzyme activities of soil over Dictyophora indusiata at different growth periods,Dayuan Village,Taining,Fujian,China.In the process of Dictyophora indusiata growthing,the number of bacteria,actinomycetes,and fungi were increased by 29.76 %,262.30 %,201.12 %.The quantity of bacteria accounted for 99.75 % of the total quantity of soil microbes at squaring stage ; the pH value of soil was degressive tendency,total nitrogen and total phosphorus were increased,the content of peach-shaped stage was significantly higher than that in other stages,the content of total potassium and organic matter reached to the minimum value at mature stage,and there existed significant differences with squaring stage; soil urease,invertase and catalase activities were significantly higher in peach-shaped stage than that in other stages,maturity of Dictyophora indusiata was maximum and soil invertase activities was significantly lower at mature stage than that in other stages.The results showed that soil fertility appeared a certain degree of abate and it was consistent tbat the growth of Dictyophora indusiata consumed a large number of soil nutrients.