针叶林景观格局及风险分析——以宜都市马尾松林为例

Landscape pattern and risk analysis on coniferous forest——a case study of Pinus massoniana in Yidu City,Hubei Province

区域尺度的研究是构建景观生态安全格局的重要内容,景观生态安全的核心问题是维护和保持生态系统的健康和稳定。分析了宜都市景观格局和针叶林斑块特征,结果显示宜都市针叶林和针阔混交林都呈现不规则外形,复杂程度较高,且针叶林(主要是马尾松)主要是以天然林形式存在,地域分布较为分散。景观水平上,香农多样性指数为1.5978,景观斑块丰富度为7.0。2006—2012年宜都市松材线虫疫情调查显示,松材线虫病在疫点区发生面积呈下降趋势,但死亡株数并未得到有效控制,且预测松材线虫仍处高发态势。在对宜都市马尾松林受害风险性进一步分析基础上,通过实地勘察,提出构建绿色安全廊道的设想。

Studing region-scale is crucial for designing landscape ecological security pattern, the core issue of ecological security is to preserve ecological system health and stabilization. Analysis on landscape pattern of Yidu, coniferous forest （Pinus massoniana） distribution pattern and patches character, indicated that almost all coniferous patches was irregular and complex, and coniferous forest was being in natural forests and widely dispersed. In landscape level, Shannon-Wiener Index was 1. 5978, patches richness was 7.0. Analysis on the damage of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus across 2006 to 2012 showed pinewood disease area was declined, but the amounts of dead individuls hadn＇ t been controlled effectively. Pinewood disease was forecasted in a popular stutation. Further, analyzed the risk potential of P. massoniana, based on which and sunveying on the spot, to set a green corridor and its position was suggested.