矿-粮复合区采煤塌陷损毁耕地分级研究

Evaluation of Damaged Farmland Extent in Overlapped Areas of Farmland and Coal Resources with High Phreatic Water Level

根据采煤塌陷理论和采煤对矿区环境造成的影响研究,对高潜水位煤粮复合区损毁耕地成因及破坏程度进行阐述和分析,结合已有的矿区损毁耕地评价指标体系,基于评价指标建立原则,选取地表倾斜、地表下沉及潜水位埋深为高潜水位地区采煤塌陷耕地损毁程度评价指标,并对损毁程度进行了分级:轻度、中度和重度损毁。以山东省西南部某矿区为例,借助Arc GIS分析工具,建立了综合评价结果适宜性函数,对煤粮复合区采煤塌陷耕地损毁程度进行了评价,并对评价结果进行了可视化显示,结果表明:截止2005年,研究区采煤塌陷损毁耕地面积约为23 km2,其中轻、中、重度等级损毁面积分别为6.7、5.7和10.6 km2,随着煤矿开采的继续,耕地损毁面积仍在持续增加,而损毁程度也在逐渐加深。基于评价结果,提出了适合于高潜水位矿区耕地保护的一些建议。

This paper analyses the causes and damaged extent of damaged farmland in overlapped areas of farmland and coal resources with high phreatic water level, based on mining subsidence theory and study on the impact of coal mining in mining environment. Combined with the existing evaluation system of damaged farmland in mining and due to the principles of establishing evaluation index, surface tilt, subsidence and phreatic depth were selected as indexes and divide the extent of damage into mild, moderate and severe. Taking a mining in southwest Shandong Province plain as an example and with ArcGIS, adaptive computate funcation of comprehensive evaluation was made to evaluate the damaged extent of mining subsidence farmland in overlapped areas of farmland and coal resources and visualize the evaluate results. The results show that the area of damaged farmland is about 23 km2 in study area, with 6.7 km2 mild, 5.7 km2 moderate and 10.6 km2 severe. With the continuation of coal mining, the damaged farmland area continues to increase and the damaged extend is gradually deepened. According to the evaluation results, this paper puts forward some suggestions suitable for farmland protection in mining with high phreatic water level.