20世纪全球重大毒性灾害及其历史教训

Main toxic disasters and its historical lessons in the 20th century in the world

本文回顾了 2 0世纪世界 4 1个国家发生的 2 0 0起重大毒性灾害 ,分析研究了毒性灾害种类的历史演变、成因与特征 ,及其对人类社会和经济发展造成的重大影响与经济损失。研究表明 ,随着科技发展与经济的全球化 ,2 1世纪将是毒性灾害频繁发生的时期 ,应从历史事件中汲取经验教训 ,采取果断有力措施 ,减少毒性灾害的发生 。

A review is made on two hundreds of toxic disaster vents in 41 countries in the 20th century The evolvement of types of toxic disasters, their causes, chrematistics, influence on social and economic development and economic loss they resulted in are analyzed Results show that, with development of science and technology and economic globalization, it will be period with frequent toxic disasters in the 21st century So, we should learn historical lessons and experience and take powerful measures to reduce toxic disasters and disaster loss