城市土地利用对植被特征影响的研究

STUDY OF IMPACT OF URBAN LAND USE ON FEATURES OF URBAN VEGETATION IN BEIJING AREA

城市土地利用对植被的影响是城市生态学中研究的重要问题。简单综述了国内外在该领域中的研究现状。通过在北京市进行的研究 ,对城市植被的特点及其与土地利用的关系进行了分析 ,结论为 :①藜科 (Chenpodiaceae)和蓼科 (Polygonaceae)植物种类数量相对增加 ,归化植物占的比例大是城市植物区系的特征 ;②与非城市区域相比 ,生活型谱中一二年生植物比例增高 ,属的区系地理成分构成中世界分布属所占比例也明显提高 ;③城市土地利用类型对生境和植物群落特征的影响明显 ;④生境多样化对维持城市植物物种多样性而言 ,比面积大小具有更为显著的作用。

On the basis of a review to the research development both at home and abroad of the impact of land use on the vegetation in urban area, this paper has analyzed the features of urban vegetation in city proper of Beijing with respect to the impact of urban land use on the vegetation. The conclusions are as follows:①Compared with the natural areas surrounding Beijing, the proportion of Chenpodiaceae and Polygonaceae in flora composition of species are on the increasing. The percentage ratio of colonized species are high is a typical feature for urban flora. ②Judging from the life form structure of the flora, the proportion of annual and biennial herbs is high in its composition. As to the areal types of genus, pan world genuses take a larger ratio than ever before with the development of urbanization process. ③Different urban land use types have different impacts on the urban habitats and communities. ④The diversity of habitat has more significant than the average acreage of habitat on sustaining the species diversity of urban vegetation.