造山作用概念和分类

The Modern Implications of Orogeny and Classification of Orogenic Belts

本文从造山作用的特征标志出发讨论了Sengor造山带定义的缺陷,总结了造山作用的六条特征标志,并给出了造山作用新的定义。该定义包括了造山作用的起因、特征标志和大地构造背景。评述了造山带陆内、陆缘、陆间三分法方案的不足之处和剪压造山带的单独设类问题,提出了造山带板内、俯冲、碰撞三分方案。针对碰撞造山带,笔者在总结探讨现有分类方案优点的基础上,提出碰撞造山带陆陆碰撞、碰撞增生、弧陆碰撞和无大陆型碰撞造山带四分法方案,其中无大陆型碰撞造山带是描述陆壳物质形成初期地体拼合聚合过程的新类型。

The defects of Sengor's definition on orogeny is discussed by means of analyzing the characteristics of orogenic belts. A new definition of orogenic belts is put forward. It involves the origins, characteristics and tectonic setting of orogenic belts. The old trichotomy scheme on orogenic belts is reviewed and a new one is presented to divide orogenic belts into three categories; intraplate, collision and subduction. The former classification of collisional orogens make it possible to put forward a new classification on collisional orogens that include four types: land-land collision, collision accretion, arc-land collision and non-mainland collision. The last one is a new type representing the early amalgamation processes of the crust.